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2311 results.
Bone composition and skeleton health in growing/fattening pigs affected by different phosphorus supply
Entwicklung von Knochenzusammensetzung und Skelettgesundheit wachsender Schweine in Abhängigkeit von der P-Versorgung
Project Investigators: Prof. Dr. J. Kamphues; Prof. Dr. M. Wendt; Dr. C. Schwennen; Dr. C. Ratert; TÄ H. Rieger
Duration: April 2015 until June 2018
Project Details:
In der Aufzucht (Flatdeckphase) und Mast sind prinzipiell drei unterschiedliche Möglichkeiten der P-Versorgung gegeben, nämlich die Verwendung mineralischer P-Verbindungen, die Nutzung des Nicht-Phytin-Phosphors (in pflanzlichen Komponenten eher geringer Anteil) sowie die Verwertung des Phytin-Phosphors dank entsprechender Futterzusatzstoffe (Phytasen). Im ungünstigsten Fall steht den wachsenden Tieren aber nur der Nicht-Phytin aus den pflanzlichen Komponenten zur Verfügung. Vor diesem Hintergrund zielt die Untersuchung auf die Diagnostik einer evtl. marginalen oder gar defizitären P-Versorgung. Insbesondere anhand der Mineralisation unterschiedlicher Knochen im Laufe der Mast soll diese Frage mittels chemischer, physikalischer, klinischer Verfahren (u. a. Röntgen) näher geklärt werden.
Results:

Rieger, H., Ratert, C., Wendt, M., Schwennen, C., & Kamphues, J. (2021). Comparative study on the chemical composition of different bones/parts of bones in growing pigs differently supplied with inorganic phosphorus and phytase. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 105(Suppl. 2), 106- 118. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.13636

https://elib.tiho-hannover.de/dissertations/riegerh_ss17

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Locomotory disorders and lameness in swine - examinations of aetiology, pathogenesis and control
Bewegungsstörungen und Lahmheiten beim Schwein - Untersuchungen zur Ätiologie, Pathogenese und Behandlung
Project Investigators: Prof. Dr. K.-H. Waldmann
Duration: 2015 until 2018
Project Details:
Bewegungsstörungen und Lahmheiten sind bedeutende Ursachen für das vorzeitige Ausscheiden von Schweinen aus der Zucht oder Mast. Dabei spielen Klauenerkrankungen und Osteochondropathien eine dominierende Rolle. Die Untersuchungen zielen auf eine Klärung resp. besseres Verständnis der Ätiologie und Pathogenese dieser Veränderungen. Darauf basierend werden verschiedene Ansätze zur Behandlung bzw. Verhütung der betreffenden Krankheiten geprüft.
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Molecular characterization of feline mammary tumors
Molekulare Charakterisierung von Mammatumoren der Katze
Project Investigators: I. Nolte; H. Murua Escobar; M. Hewicker-Trautwein; J. Granados-Soler
Duration: Mid 2015 until End 2018
Project Details:
Mammary cancer is the third most common neoplasm in cats with a classification of 80-90 % as malignant highly-aggressive adenocarcinomas. As the median survival time varies from four months to three years depending on tumor size and clinical staging, early diagnosis and treatment gives best prognosis. Potential new molecular markers can provide further prognostic information helping to understand the molecular pathogenesis of the neoplastic change and enable early diagnosis. The prognostic potential of different human and feline mammary cancer-related genes (ER, PR, HER2/neu, EGFR, PI3K, pAkt, PTEN, CDH1, SnaiI, CLDN-2, COX-2, CK5/6, CK14, BRCA1, BRCA2, STAT3) has been investigated, but not the potential interaction of these targets with each other. Some further molecular markers were just analyzed in humans (HMGA2, FOXC1, STAT1), which might also be of importance for the feline disease. Characterization of those targets concerning characteristic expression patterns in correlation with histological grading, gene-regulation and identification of their potential interaction is essential for finding new molecular biomarkers. Besides the characterization of the gene expression pattern, the regulation of the expression and the interaction of potential molecular markers is still a novel field of intensive research in general. Herein, especially microRNAs have moved into the spotlight. Focusing on cats, only little is known about miRNA regulated pathways so far. Consequently further research on the identification of miRNAs playing a role in the regulation of genes being associated to feline mammary carcinomas is important as well to elucidate processes causing tumor development and progression. Aim of this study is to promote the molecular characterization of gene expression patterns and regulatory miRNAs within primary feline mammary carcinoma tissues and cell lines to identify reliable prognostic molecular markers.
Results:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30185896; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31969654

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Generation of far red and near infrared stably transfected canine cell lines for in vivo tumor detection and compound evaluation
Herstellung von rot- und infrarot-stabil-transfizierten caninen Zelllinien für die in vivo Tumorentdeckung
Project Investigators: I. Nolte; H. Murua Escobar; S. Alnajjar
Duration: Mid 2015 until End 2018
Project Details:
In this project we are going to establish stable transfected cell lines with far-red and near-infrared fluorescent protein. Then fluorescent protein expression analysis will be carried out in vitro and in vivo for evaluation of tumor cell targeting by recombinant CPE in canine mammary cell line derived tumors. The outcome herein will be useful models for in vitro and in vivo monitoring tumor development and evaluation of functionalized CPE binders of canine mammary tumors. Using Relative quantitative one step PCR, the differentiations in claudin gene expression between stably transfected mammary tumor cell lines and non-transfected mammary tumor cell lines will be performed. Genomic screening will be carried out using next generation sequencing for identifying the possible mutation that could be happened as a result for transfection. Fluorescent protein expression analysis will be carried out in vitro and in vivo for evaluation of tumor cell targeting by recombinant CPE in canine mammary cell line derived tumor. In next steps we will transplant continuously different cell lines and cell number in SCDI mice in order to monitor tumor engraftment and development. Further, CPE binders will be applied in vivo to characterize their effect on tumor volume development. Then functionalized CPE binders will be applied in order to evaluate tumor ablation by photonic intervention.
Cooperation Partners:

Institut für Quantenoptik, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover, Prof.Dr.Alexander Heisterkamp

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Evaluation of radiographic and sonographic significance of intact female rabbits regarding pathological uterine diseases
Evaluierung der Aussagekraft von Übersichtsröntgenaufnahmen weiblich unkastrierter Kaninchen hinsichtlich pathologischer Uteruserkrankungen sowie von Befunden der sonographischen Untersuchung
Project Investigators: Christine Lübke; Dr.Saskia Köstlinger; Prof.Dr. Michael Fehr
Duration: Beginning 2014 until End 2018
Project Details:
Studie zum Vorkommen von pathologischen Uteruserkrankungen weiblich unkastrierter Kaninchen über einen Zeitraum von März 2010 bis August 2014. Analyse von anamnestischen Daten, Röntgenbildern, sonographischen Befunden, Alter und von Ergebnissen der pathologischen und histopathologischen Untersuchung.
Results:

Evaluierung von Befunden aus Röntgen und Sonographie weiblich unkastrierter Kaninchen hinsichtlich pathologischer Uterusveränderungen

/ V. Christine Lübke. - 1. Auflage. Dissertation Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover

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Evolutionary ecology of basal marine invertebrates
Evolutionsökologie basaler mariner Invertebraten
Project Investigators: Prof. Dr. Bernd Schierwater
Duration: 2014 until 2018
Project Details:
Unser langjähriges Forschungsinteresse im Bereich "kasuale Biodiversitätsforschung" gilt der Untersuchung der frühen Evolution der Biodiversität in diploblastischen Tieren (Placozoen, Schwämme und Hohltiere). Wir studieren auf verschiedenen Ebenen die Entstehung von Formenreichtümern mit dem Fernziel, die reale Artendiversität und ihre systematische Einbettung zuverlässig zu erfassen, schützenswerte Einheiten zu definieren, und das ökologische Wechselspiel zwischen Diversitätsdynamiken und Umweltfaktoren zu modellieren. Hierbei bedienen wir uns der experimentellen Feldforschung ebenso wie der Entwicklung und Anwendung neuer molekulargenetischer Arbeitstechniken. Auch die mathematische Entwicklung eines neuen DNA-Barcoding-Algorithmus sowie die Genomsequenzierung (aktuell für das Placozoon Trichoplax adhaerens; www.jgi.doe.gov/sequencing/why/CSP2005/trichoplax.html) gehören zu unseren Arbeitstechniken, um den Anforderungen der Zukunft zu genügen.
Cooperation Partners:

Dr. Peter Holland, Department of Zoology, Univ. of Oxford.

Dr. Rob DeSalle, American Museum of Natural History, New York City.

Dr. Stephen Dellaporta, Dept. Molecular Cellular & Developmental Biology, Yale University.

Dr. Vicki Pearce, Inst. of Marine Sciences, Univ. of California

Dr. Ferdinando Boero, University of Lecce Italy

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Optimised reduction of bioaerosols in the exhaust air of pig production facilities by automatic regulation of the moisture content within filter material of air washers
Verbundprojekt: Optimierung der Abscheidung von Bioaerosolen aus der Abluft eines Schweinestalls durch die Entwicklung einer innovativen Prozesssteuerung zur Regulierung der Filterfeuchte in einer dreistufigen Abluftreinigungsanlage - Teilprojekt 1
Project Investigators: Nier, Lisa; Schulz, Jochen; Kemper, Nicole
Duration: September 2014 until February 2018
Funding: Bundesministerium für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft, 208.208 EUR
Project Details:
Ziel des Projektes ist die Entwicklung einer automatisierten Prozesssteuerung zur Quantifizierung und Regulierung in der biologischen Stufe von Abluftreinigungsanlagen (ARA) zur Reduktion von Bioaerosolen aus Schweinemastanlagen. Dazu soll mittels Time-Domain-Reflekrometrie (TDR) auf der gesamten Fläche des Filters der Feuchtegehalt quantifiziert werden. Durch die Einbindung der Messdaten in einen automatisierten Regelkreis erfolgt eine Soll-Ist-Wert-Analyse, wodurch eine über dem Filter installierte Berieselungsanlage automatisch zur Feuchteregulierung gesteuert wird. In Abhängigkeit von verschiedenen Feuchtegehalten des Filters soll eine gezielte Detektion von Bioaerosolen vor Eintritt und nach dem Austritt aus der ARA erfolgen. Es soll die Frage beantwortet werden, in welchem Zusammenhang der Abscheidegrad von Bioaerosolen aus Nutztierställen mit der Befeuchtung der biologischen Stufe der ARA steht. Durch die Variation der Stärke der Befeuchtung sollen Rückschlüsse auf die Effektivität der Filterleistung bezüglich der Bioaerosolabscheidung gezogen sowie eventuelle sekundäre Emissionen vermindert werden.

Gefördert durch das Bundesministerium für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft aufgrund eines Beschlusses des Deutschen Bundestages.
Results:

Regulating the moisture content of biofilters may enhance the efficiency of reducing bioaerosols in the exhaust air of livestock buildings. After a test period, a time-domain reflectometry (TDR) system was installed in two biofilters (paper filter, root wood filter) of a three stage filter of a pig’s house to measure the volumetric moisture content and the moisture distribution within the filters. A reduction of bacteria, fungi and endotoxins was detected in the course of seven different moisture adjustments. Low moisture led to odours and high moisture partly released relatively high concentrations of fungi. A relatively volumetric moisture content of 10 to 20% in both filters reduced the number of mesophilic bacteria and aerotolerant cocci on average to more than 90%. The endotoxin concentration was reduced from 79 to 95%. The TDR system has the potential to regulate the moisture content in paper and root wood filters which may be useful for an efficient reduction of bioaerosols.

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G-TwYST (GMP-Two Year Safety Testing): Safety assessment of the genetically modified maize NK603
G-TwYST (GMP-Two Year Safety Testing): Sicherheitsbewertung des gentechnisch veränderten Mais NK603
Project Investigators: Prof. Dr. Pablo Steinberg
Duration: April 2014 until April 2018
Funding: Europäische Kommission, 375.836 EUR
Project Details:
G-TwYST will execute rat feeding trials with GM maize NK 603 based on OECD Test Guidelines and according to EFSA considerations. In the case of maize NK603 two 90-day and a combined 2-year chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity study will be performed. By combining the results of the G-TwYST project with those of the GRACE project (90-day and 1-year study with maize MON810) it will be possible for the first time to describe the potential medium term and long term toxic effects of the two above-mentioned events. Partners will strictly comply with international standards and norms concerning feeding trials and closely collaborate with EFSA. Feeding stuff used in the trials will be produced according to the principles of good agricultural practice. The project will analyse and report the results of the feeding trials and develop recommendations on the scientific justification and added value of long-term feeding trials for GMO risk assessment. The project will ensure scientific excellence, independence and transparency of both the research process and the results. Transparency and accessibility of project plans and results is a key characteristic of the project and will be ensured by establishing a project website and by using an open access database set up by GRACE as information hubs. Results will be published as open access journal papers. Dedicated engagement, communication, and dissemination activities will target scientists, policy makers and a broad range of stakeholders. Participatory steps will be included in the planning as well as in the interpretation/conclusion phase. Moreover, the views of risk assessment and regulatory bodies as well as wider societal issues will also be taken into consideration. The results of the project will enable risk managers drawing conclusions with regard to framework of the currently applicable GM food/feed risk assessment requirements and procedures in the EU.
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Improving current understanding and research for sustainable control of the poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae (COST COREMI)
Verbesserung des gegenwärtigen Kenntnisstands und der Forschung zur nachhaltigen Kontrolle der Roten Vogelmilbe Dermanyssus gallinae (COST COREMI)
Project Investigators: Prof. Dr. C. Strube, PhD
Duration: Mid 2014 until Mid 2018
Funding: COST (Action FA1404: Improving current understanding and research for sustainable control of the poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae)
Project Details:
Die EU-COST-Aktion hat zum Ziel, Bekämpfungs- bzw. Kontrollstrategien gegen die Rote Vogelmilbe zu verbessern und diese zu disseminieren. Hierfür sollen Erkenntnisse zur Milbenbiologie, Parasit-Wirt-Interaktion und neuen Bekämpfungsstrategien konsolidiert und Forschungsansätze koodiniert werden. Es soll ein "Goldstandard" zur Prophylaxe und Bekämpfung des Parasiten erarbeitet werden, der auf die einzelnen europäischen Länder und deren Produktionssysteme zugeschnitten ist.
Results:

Hubert, J., Erban, T., Kopecky, J., Sopko, B., Nesvorna, M., Lichovnikova, M., Schicht, S., Strube, C., Sparagano, O. (2017) Comparison of bacteriomes between red poultry mite populations (Dermanyssus gallinae): predominance of Bartonella-like bacteria. Microbial Ecology 74, 947-960

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Comprehensive analysis of a modulation of the arachidonic acid cascade by food ingredients
Umfassende Untersuchungen zur Wirkung von Polyphenolen auf die Arachidonsäurekaskade
Project Investigators: PD Dr. Nils Helge Schebb
Duration: August 2014 until July 2018
Funding: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, 198.000 EUR
Project Details:
In this project, we will mechanistically investigate the impact of polyphenols on the AA cascade. For this purpose we will employ liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) for the quantification of a comprehensive set of oxylipins of all branches of the AA cascade as targeted metabolomics approach. We will analyze the effect of polyphenols on the activity of cyclooxgenase, lipoxygenase, cytochrome P450 and epoxide hydrolase pathways of the AA cascade in different cell culture assays as well as in cell free approaches. Moreover, we will utilize the oxylipin pattern to monitor oxidative stress occurring during inflammation and its amelioration by food-born antioxidants. With these high-content screening tools, we will not only discover potentially active polyphenols, but also gain information on their mode of action, quantitative data on their potency and qualitative data on the breadth of their effects.
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