Research

Project Details:
In dem Konsortium werden die Genome der Familie Felidae aufgeklärt. Ziele sind die Verbesserung der Referenzgenomsequenz sowie die Charakterisierung der Diversität von Haus- und Wildkatzenarten.

Results:

Genova et al.,First genome-wide CNV mapping in FELIS CATUS using next generation sequencing data.BMC Genomics. 2018 Dec 10;19(1):895. doi: 10.1186/s12864-018-5297-2.

Cooperation Partners:

Tierkliniken

Zoos

Tiergärten

Funding: DAAD, Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung and external through collaboration

Project Details:
The proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus) is a large-bodied folivorous primate, forming harem and bachelor groups in lowland tropical rainforests in Borneo. Due to anthropogenic habitat loss and fragmentation, this primate species is highly endangered, and a better knowledge of their behavior and health status may improve their conservation and management. The goal of this project is to study its superficially known vocal signalling system and its intestinal parasite load to evaluate negative consequences of habitat fragmentation and the zoonotic risks that need to be considered when designing effective management programs. We investigate and compare those aspects in one-male (harem) and all-male (bachelor) groups in the Lower Kinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary, Borneo, as well as in the Labuk Bay Sanctuary to study the role of vocalizations in governing spacing and cohesion. Furthermore, we assess intestinal parasite communities to link them to social grouping pattern and communication and to get insight into their significance for zoonotic diseases.

Results:

e.g.:

Scheumann, M., Röper, K. M., Nathan, S. K., & Goossens, B. (2022): Third-party vocal intervention in the proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus). Int. J. Primatol., 43: 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10764-021-00273-9

 

Klaus, A.; Strube, C.; Röper, K. M.; Radespiel, U.; Schaarschmidt, F.; Nathan, S.; Goossens, B.; Zimmermann, E.(2018): Fecal parasite risk in the endangered proboscis monkey is higher in an anthropogenically managed forest environment compared to a riparian rain forest in Sabah, Borneo in PlosOne 13(4). https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0195584

 

Klaus, A.; Zimmermann, E.; Röper, K.M.; Radespiel, U.; Nathan, S.; Goossens, B.; Strube, C. (2017): Co-infection patterns of intestinal parasites in arboreal primates (proboscis monkeys, Nasalis larvatus)in Borneo.Int. Journ. for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife. 6(3): 320-329. https.//10.1016/j.ijppaw.2017.09.005

 

Röper, K.M.; Scheumann, M.; Wiechert, A.B.; Nathan, S.; Goossens, B.; Owren, M.J.; Zimmermann, E. (2014): Vocal acoustics in the endangered proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus). Am. J. Primatol. 76 (2): 192-201. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajp.22221

Cooperation Partners:

Dr. Benoit Goossens, Danau Girang Field Center, Malaysia, and Cardiff University, GB

Dr. Ikki Matsuda, Primate Research Center, Inumyama, Japan

Dipl. Biol. Kathrin M. Röper, Zoo Hannover

Project Details:
Funktionelle Kandidatengene, für die über Expressions- und Proteinanalysen beim Pferd oder bei anderen Tierarten und Mensch ein Einfluss auf die Befruchtungsrate nachgewiesen wurde, sollen als Kandidaten für die Fruchtbarkeit bei Hengsten und Stuten des Hannoverschen Warmbluts untersucht werden. Im Rahmen der Untersuchung sollen für diese Kandidatengene SNP-Marker mit signifikantem Einfluss auf die Reproduktionsleistung von Hengsten und Stuten entwickelt werden. Die Reproduktionsleistung der Pferde wird über die Trächtigkeitsrate pro Rosse und Decksaison erfasst. Dazu werden in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Niedersächsischen Landgestüt in Celle die Deckregister-Daten erhoben und ausgewertet. Die Auswertung erfolgt über Assoziationsanalysen für die Kandidatengene mit den Fruchtbarkeitsparametern.

Cooperation Partners:

Niedersächsisches Landgestüt Celle

Funding: DAAD, DGHT

Project Details:
Die Pfeilgiftfrösche der Gattung Oophaga zeichnen sich durch ein komplexes Territorial-, Paarungs- und Brutpflegeverhalten aus. Aus diesem Grund sind sie Modellobjekte in vielen Studien zur Beantwortung evolutionsbiologischer Studien. Weiterhin sind die meisten dieser Arten polymorph, d.h. sie unterschieden sich in ihren bioakustischen Signalen, Farbmustern und anderen morphologischen Variablen zwischen den Populationen. Auf Grund dessen ist es häufig schwierig Arten klar abzugrenzen. Das Ziel dieses Projektes ist eine molekular-genetische Studie durchzuführen, in der Arten genetisch eindeutig zugeordnet werden können. Sobald dieses erfolgt ist, folgen weitere Untersuchungen, um herauszufinden in wie weit die Arten sich in ihren ökologischen Ansprüchen und ihrem Verhalten unterscheiden. Das Ziel des Projektes ist es Artbildungsmechamismen besser zu verstehen.

Results:

Galindo Uribe D, Sunyer J, Hauswaldt S, Amezquita A, Pröhl H, Vences M (2014) Color and pattern variation and Pleistocene phylogeographic origin of the strawberry poison frog, Oophaga pumilio, in Nicaragua. Salamandra, 50: 225-235

Brusa O, Bellati A, Meuche I, Mundy NI, Pröhl H (2013) Divergent evolution in the polymorphic granular poison-dart frog, Oophaga granulifera: genetics, colouration, advertisement calls and morphology. J Biogeogr 40:394-408

Hauswaldt JS, Ludewig A-K, Vences M, Pröhl H (2011) Widespread co-occurrence of divergent mitochondrial haplotype lineages in a Central American species of poison frog (Oophaga pumilio). J Biogeog 38: 711-726

Hagemann S, Pröhl H (2007) Mitochondrial paraphyly in a polymorphic poison frog species (Dendrobatidae; D. pumilio). Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution 45: 740-747

Cooperation Partners:

Prof. Dr. Adolfo Amezquita, Universidad de los Andes

Dr. Diana Galindo, Universidad de los Andes

Prof. Dr. Miguel Vences, TU Braunschweig

Funding: Teile des Projektes Industrie, Gesellschaft für Kynologische Forschung, BMBF (Lichtenberg-Stipendium), Bruns-Stiftung, GKF, Boehringer-Ingelheim, 110.000 EUR

Project Details:
Hunde mit Krampfanfällen machen ungefähr 10% des neurologischen Patientengutes aus. Im Rahmen dieser Projekte wird versucht, die Diagnostik und Therapie zu verbessern. Magnetresonanzuntersuchungen (MRT) und spezielle EEG-Techniken werden derzeit auf ihre Bedeutung für die Diagnostik in der Praxis evaluiert. Neue Anästhesieprotokolle werden für die EEG Diagnostik untersucht. Die Häufigkeit der Entwicklung von Krampfanfällen nach Trauma soll bei Hund und Katze ermittelt werden. In einer multizentrischen Studie wird die Wirksamkeit neuer antikovulsiv wirkenden Substanzen bzw. neuer Therapiestrategien getestet. Der Einfluss von Endocannabinoiden auf den Krankheitsverlauf wird studiert. Biomarker für die Epileptogenese in Liquor cerebrospinalis und Serum/MRT werden gesucht. Derzeit wird die Th17 Antwort näher beleuchtet, bzw. werden volumetrische Untersuchungen durchgeführt und Therapiemassnahmen überprüft. In einer Studie in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Zuchtverband wird der Phänotyp der idiopathischen Epilepsie des Hundes beim großen Schweizer Sennenhund angesehen.

Cooperation Partners:

multizentrische Studien - mehrere Kleintierpraxen, Universität Bern, Universität München

Funding: Industry (Veterinary pharmaceuticals/Vaccines), 489.252 EUR

Project Details:
Die Impfstoffentwicklung gegen COVID-19 ist von höchster Dringlichkeit, wofür es jedoch zunächst einiger prä-klinischer Experimente bedarf, bevor Studien im Menschen angewandt werden können. MVA-SARS-CoV-2 Impfstoffe sollen hierfür im Tiermodell auf Sicherheit und Immunogenität getestet werden. Dabei soll das Hamstermodell im Vordergrund stehen, da Hamster ein ähnlich aufgebautes ACE-2 Protein exprimieren und sich darüber hinaus schon in der SARS-CoV-1 Forschung als Tiermodell bewährt haben.

Funding: Niedersächsisches Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Kultur (MWK), 50.000 EUR

Project Details:
One of the key evolutionary events of life on earth is the emergence of organisms that use multiple cell types for the division of labour. How this occurred and how multicellular organisms (metazoans) establish and maintain an organized architecture is yet poorly understood. As a consequence, malfunctions of epithelial tissue organization and architecture, like cancer growth, are even more poorly understood. Modern technical innovations and the synergy of multiple scientific fields, including evolutionary biology, space research and cancer genetics have recently opened completely new opportunities to address the genetic control of tissue organisation in metazoans and to better understand regulatory malfunctions, including the origin of cancer cells in humans.
The key biological tool to generate normal epithelial architecture is through the control of asymmetry at the cell and organism level. This is coordinated by a highly conserved set of proteins known as cell polarity regulators. Importantly, the cell polarity complexes Scribble, Par and Crumbs complexes are considered to be a metazoan innovation with apicobasal polarity and adherens junctions believed to be present in all animals. As disorganisation of tissue architecture is a hallmark of epithelial cancer and its repair is critical for organ regeneration, a better understanding of the fundamental mechanisms regulating tissue architecture should provide key insights into human health.
We have been developing the simplest of all metazoan animals, the placozoan Trichoplax adhaerens,into a powerful model system to study the genetics behind cell polarity regulation in vivo and in full depth. In Trichoplax the genetics underlying cell polarity regulation is substantially less clouded than in humans, e.g. the number of to be tested regulatory gene interactions is more than 800 times smaller (although all principal gene families for building epithelial tissue polarity are already present in Trichoplax). Preliminary experiments have shown that we are able to experimentally disrupt polarity orientation in growing Trichoplax by removing gravity as the physical stimulus in a micro-gravity chamber. We have thus brought together an international team of experts for (i) the model system Trichoplax adehaerens, (ii) cell polarity genetics, (iii) microgravity space science, and (iv) cancer research. Our initial experiments indicate that as a team we will be able to experimentally introduce cell polarity loss in space flights, identify the genetic control of the off-set of cell polarity, experimentally test candidate regulatory gene interactions for polarity offset, rebuild protein effectors and test these in human cancer cell lines. Clearly the synergy of biological, physical and medical science approaches is more than the sum of the components. Here it can not only lead to a better understanding of the organisation of tissue architecture but it can also prepare the grounds for sensitive assays of cell malfunctions leading to cancer. As a long-shot even the development of vaccines against cancer in humans seems in range.

Cooperation Partners:

1) Deutsches Luft- und Raumfahrtzentrum (DLR);

2) LaTrobe University, Medical School, Melbourne, Australia

3) Yale University, Yale Genomics Center, New Haven, USA

4) Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona, Spain

5) Université de Lyon, Centre de recherche en cancérologie, France

Funding: MELUND, 19.177 EUR

Project Details:
Since 2002, ITAW has been conducting flight-based surveys for harbour porpoises in the EEZ and the 12sm zone of the North Sea. A dedicated monitoring of harbour porpoises in the North Sea and Baltic Sea has been carried out in projects of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN) since 2008. Within the framework of this survey and monitoring, valuable data series on the spatio-temporal occurrence and density of harbour porpoises could be collected including the area of the whale sanctuary in the Schleswig-Holstein Wadden Sea National Park.
ITAW also has proven expertise in bioacoustics and acoustic monitoring of cetaceans. Click Detectors (C-PODs) have already been used in numerous projects to study harbour porpoise habitat use and the effects of offshore wind farm construction and operation on harbour porpoises. The LKN POD monitoring has been operated by ITAW since 2011 and valuable data on acoustic harbour porpoise activity could also be collected in the area of the whale sanctuary in the Schleswig-Holstein Wadden Sea.
The aim of the project is to evaluate the whale sanctuary in terms of occurrence, abundance, seasonality and importance of the whale sanctuary as a habitat for harbour porpoises for feeding and as a calving and breeding area.
For this purpose, the following data sources are to be evaluated in depth:
a) Dedicated visual surveys to record harbour porpoise abundance in the German North Sea (12 nm plus EEZ);
b) Modelled density area maps to determine model-based abundance;
c) Acoustic monitoring of harbour porpoises using stationary click detectors (C-PODs) in the Wadden Sea.

Results:

Abschlußbericht im Auftrag des Landesbetriebes für Küstenschutz, Nationalpark und Meeresschutz Schleswig-

Holstein (LKN.SH) und des Ministeriums für Energiewende, Klimaschutz, Umwelt und Natur

(MEKUN)

https://www.tiho-hannover.de/fileadmin/57_79_terr_aqua_Wildtierforschung/79_Buesum/downloads/Berichte/Walschutzgebiet_Bericht_ITAW_20221012_final.pdf

Funding: Bundesamt für Gewässerkunde, Koblenz, 29.583 EUR

Project Details:
Dietary analysis of otters found dead are the subject of this study. Relevant otters where dissected as part of a previous project that aimed at investigating anticoagulant rodenticides (rat poison) in predators. During necropsies, all stomachs and the intestinal content of otters was sampled, if available. Continuing, all remains found in the gastrointestinal tracts of the otters were specially prepared to allow identification of prey species. Two methods will be used therein: hard part analysis, which targets visible bones, scales etc., and metabarcoding, which identifies prey species genetically. In combination, both methods together will create a realistic overview of the prey spectrum of otters from Lower Saxony. All results will be presented as a short report.

Results:

The results of the hard component analysis confirm fish as the most frequently eaten prey class of otters in Lower Saxony. Furthermore, components of amphibians, plants, arthropods, and very sporadically of birds, mammals and molluscs were detected in the stomachs. The Cyprinidae family was the most frequently identified fish family. That otters are opportunistic predators that feed on a variety of fish species depending on availability in their range (Kruuk, 2006; Buglione et al., 2020) was confirmed by the metabarcoding results. The study was able to show that the combination of hard component analysis and metabarcoding is suitable to break down and describe the feeding ecology of otters in Lower Saxony. While metabarcoding could identify fish species that would otherwise have been overlooked, hard component analysis could provide estimates of the number of prey eaten.

Funding: Common Wadden Sea Secretariat (CWSS), 4.994 EUR

Project Details:
The Quality Status Report (QSR) is commissioned by the Common Wadden Sea Secretariat (CWSS). The report is published at regular intervals and provides information on the current status of the Wadden Sea. In order to be able to present the human impact on this sensitive ecosystem, the latest results from science and research are compiled. The authors are experts from different research disciplines from the three countries over which the Wadden Sea extends - Denmark, Germany and the Netherlands. There are different reports on the various main topics. ITAW coordinated the report for the state of marine mammals.

Results:

https://qsr.waddensea-worldheritage.org/reports/marine-mammals