Overview of research projects

Funding: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG, 401.271 EUR

Project Details:
Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is one of the most important immunosuppressive chicken pathogens worldwide. Despite vigorous vaccination, IBDV field outbreaks occur. This project will investigate the role of different immune cell populations in infectious bursal disease pathogenesis and will address specifically the impact of age and genotype in this context. We will therefore contribute to the overall improvement of chicken health and welfare, and in addition may inform development of new farm animal vaccination strategies. The project is embedded in the DFG-research group "ImmunoChick"". "

Cooperation Partners:

PD Dr. Angela Berndt, FLI

PD Dr. S. Härtle, LMU München

Dr. T. von Heyl, TU München

Dr. S. Früh, FU Berlin

Prof. Dr. B. Kaufer, FU Berlin

Dr. El-Sayed Abdel-Whab, FLI, Riems

Prof. Dr. B. Schusser, TU München

Prof. Dr. J. Kaufman, University of Edinburgh

Funding: DBU, CULT-Stiftung, 81.550 EUR

Project Details:
This project serves the long-term purpose of protecting the species of the yellow-bellied toad, Bombina variegata, which is highly endangered in Germany and Central Europe. In many areas, the yellow-bellied toad only occurs in secondary, i.e. anthropogenically modified, habitats such as quarries. The populations are often isolated, too small, and suffer from inbreeding and genetic impoverishment. Previous studies have also shown that yellow-bellied toads use different life cycle strategies in different habitats. These differences suggest that the species has adapted to local ecological conditions, and these adaptations are potentially manifested in the genome. The project aims to improve the genetic and ecological information available about the species in order to make practical conservation more effective. For this purpose, DNA samples from German, French and Swiss yellow-bellied toad populations, which have already been sampled in previous projects, are examined using genomic methods (RADSeq). In addition, toads in Germany will be sampled in the few natural habitats where they still occur. The genomic results are then correlated with ecological data (habitat type, local climate). The results provide evidence as to whether yellow-bellied toads are adapted to their local habitat (anthropogenic vs. natural) or to their local climate at the molecular level. The aim is to identify specific candidate genes that mediate this local adaptation. Furthermore, species distribution models based on climatic data should show where suitable habitats are for the yellow-bellied toad today and in the future - also with a view on climate change. The results obtained will be discussed with scientists and species protection specialists in a workshop. In follow-up projects, so-called genetic rescue will be used for small, isolated occurrences to stabilize them, and larger populations will be genetically upgraded. Genetic rescue projects based on genomic information are innovative since so far they have been successfully implemented in species protection in only a few countries.

Cooperation Partners:

Prof. Jean-Paul Léna, Dr. Hugo Cayuela, Benjamin Monod-Broca, University of Lyon;

Dr. Mirjam Nadjafzadeh, NABU Niedersachsen; Fabian Droppelmann, Chance 7

Project Details:
Equine tendon and ligament lesions are known to have an utmost unsatisfactory healing potential if they are located within synovial structures such as tendon sheaths and bursae. Potential causes have only been sparsely described. In addition to surgical debridement of altered tendon tissue as part of a tenoscopy or bursoscopy, adjunctive medical and regenerative therapy have been described. The aim of the project is to investigate the effect of the mentioned therapeutic strategies in a controlled manner and to identify factors that contribute to improved healing of intrasynovial tendon damage.

Cooperation Partners:

Andrea Noguera-Cender, PhD, Hanseklinik für Pferde, Sittensen

Funding: European Climate, Infrastructure and Environment Executive Agency (CINEA) , 275.552 EUR

Project Details:
Incidental bycatch represents a significant threat to marine species worldwide, particularly for Endangered, Threatened and Protected (ETP) species, which include marine mammals, birds, turtles and elasmobranchs. To date, efforts to minimize the bycatch of ETPs have had limited success. LIFE CIBBRiNA is a cross-border and cross-sectoral project in which research institutions, environmental authorities, fishing industry and non-governmental organizations from 13 European countries collaborate to reduce the incidental bycatch in fisheries that have a high risk of bycatch of ETPs in the North Sea, Baltic Sea, and Mediterranean Sea. The objective is to develop new bycatch mitigation methods and to promote their implementation. As part of LIFE CIBBRiNA, the ITAW will develop tools for monitoring and collection of bycatch data. The incidence of bycatch will be assessed through pathological investigations of casualty animals. Carcass drifting models will allow the identification of bycatch hotspots, and a database will be developed to collate strandings data and to enable a temporospatial analysis of the information. Furthermore, the ITAW is engaged in the dissemination of project outcomes to relevant stakeholders (including the development of research boxes as didactic material for schools), networking with other projects and publishing the scientific results of LIFE CIBBRiNA.

Funding: Nds. Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Kultur über Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 1.811.726 EUR

Project Details:
This initial project within the ZERN research and transfer network is dealing with the future-oriented keeping and use of fattening pigs. There are deficits in current fattening pig husbandry, particularly in the areas of animal welfare, emissions and nutrient efficiency. This project has therefore set the objective of scientifically evaluating relevant aspects of sustainable pork production synergistically and gaining new, practice-relevant knowledge.

Cooperation Partners:

Georg-August-Universität Göttingen

Deutsches Institut für Lebensmitteltechnik (DIL)

Funding: Nds. Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Kultur über Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 1.496.374 EUR

Project Details:
ZERN is a research network of the University of Göttingen, the University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover and the German Institute of Food Technologies in Quakenbrück, which aims to support the transformation of the agricultural and food system in Lower Saxony, which is under increasing pressure to adapt. Aspects such as animal welfare and sustainability must be given greater consideration in agricultural production in the future. The findings from the research network should enable the sustainable production, processing and marketing of food.

Cooperation Partners:

Georg-August-Universität Göttingen

Deutsches Institut für Lebensmitteltechnik (DIL)

Project Details:
Stable and consistent individual behavioral variations in animals that are generally regarded as an expression of animal personalities, and might be important drivers of ecological specialization and the evolutionary adaptive potential of species. We aim to investigate various proximate factors driving individual variations in risk-taking behavior of the grey mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus) as well as their relationship and explanatory value for physical cognitive performance. In the wild, this species lives under a very high predation pressure and risk taking decisions must therefore be taken on a daily basis and should be an important key to survival. We will study captive grey mouse lemurs with a longitudinal approach to investigate systematically the individual behavioral dynamics across time and different risk contexts. In a second step, personality differences will then be compared with the results from a test battery in the physical cognitive domain. Our findings will contribute to a better understanding of risk taking as one facet of animal personality in one of the world?s smallest primates.

Funding: DFG (VIPER GRK)

Project Details:
Characterizing the impact of morbilliviruses upon innate responses and the integrity of respiratory epithelial cells.
-Generation and characterization of 3D-culture systems of different wildlife carnivore species
-Analyses of morbillivirus infections upon respiratory tract cells of wild carnivores in vivo and ex vivo

Funding: DFG (VIPER GRK)

Project Details:
Hypothesis:
Viral genomic sequences obtained from archived canine formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue of the central nervous system and will allow establishing a cause-consequence relationship between the detected known and unknown viral pathogen and pathological findings.
Aim and objectives:
The general aim of the project is further identify the viral cause of canine diseases of the central nervous system.
-By using conventional histology and immunochistochemistry of archived tissues from the last 6 decades to identify cases of non-supprative encephalitis of unknown origin
-Suspected virus infection will be further substantiated by applying double-stranded RNA or selected interferon stimulated genes specific antibodies and a probe specific for interferon β.
-Followed by ribonucleic acid extraction from the selected FFPE tissues, RT-qPCR using pan-genus primer and/or NGS. Alignment to reference genomes available in databases will be used to detect known viral pathogens and related unknown viruses
-Investigation of the pathogenesis of the discovered virus by studying cell tropism and the distribution of the virus in the host organism using in situ hybridization for the distribution of the pathogen

Cooperation Partners:

Institut für Virusdiagnostik, Friedrich Löffler Institut

Funding: DFG (VIPER GRK)

Project Details:
Motile cilia are microtubule-based, hair-like projections on the luminal membrane of epithelial cells in conducting airways. Through their continuous wave-like beating, they evacuate mucus secreted by goblet cells, thereby contributing to muco-ciliary clearance (MCC). In this function, motile cilia are actors of the first-line defense against inhaled pathogens. Dysregulated cilia will have a long-term effect on MCC and predispose for further diseases. Similarly, the diffuse endocrine system plays an essential role in respiratory tract imbalances. However, underlying pathogenetic mechanisms are not well understood, neither in various organs nor in the trachea and larynx. Therefore, the envisioned study will enhance our understanding of short- and potential long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the upper respiratory tract and its associated endocrine and nervous system.

Cooperation Partners:

Institut für Virologie, Universität Münster,

Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, U.S.A (Klaus Schughart),

Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (HZI), Braunschweig (Robert Geffers),

Medizinisch Hochschule Hannover (Peter Claus)