Research

Funding: Zentrales Innovationsprogramm Mittelstand (ZIM), 218.163 EUR

Project Details:
Entwicklung der Vorgaben und Grundlagen für Diagnosesoftware, Entwicklung von weiterführenden diagnostischen Empfehlungen, therapeutischen Konzepten und Therapieempfehlungen

Funding: Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt (DBU), 115.800 EUR

Project Details:
The Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research (ITAW) of the University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover (TiHo) Foundation deals with a variety of veterinary and biological research topics in different wildlife species. These include, for example, habitat use, reproduction, feeding ecology, infectious diseases in wild animals, effects of anthropogenic activities and their protection and management of their habitat. ITAW has extensive experience in working on national and international research projects. In addition to project days at the institute, lectures as part of the "Children's University", participation in vocational training fairs or interactive information stands at various events, ITAW carries out a wide range of activities in those areas. Environmental education has always played a major role and is reflected, for example, in long-standing cooperation with local schools. An important aspect of the international marine research projects, some of which are funded by the EU, is the development of communication material that is also aimed at schoolchildren. In the project "Marine Mammals Science Education", expedition boxes on the topic of marine mammals were created for the first time in 2018 and were successfully used by ITAW and all project partners in Germany and abroad (www.marine-mammals.com). Funded by the Volks-Wagen-Stiftung in cooperation with schools in Schleswig-Holstein and Lower Saxony, further boxes have been developed and tested. They deal with topics such as parasites, viruses as well as bones and skulls and are based on various topics in biology tuition. These first research boxes can be borrowed from the TiHo website as part of school projects at the ITAW and enable independent and active learning in face-to-face lessons, see:

https://www.tiho-hannover.de/forschungskisten

Within the scope of the intended project, new research boxes on various wildlife and environmental topics will be developed and made available to schools for classroom and online teaching. These boxes contain experiments, teaching material, digital materials (e.g. films, PPTs) as well as information for "home-exploring". Furthermore, the individual processing of individual topics within the framework of homeschooling for two different age groups, among other things through diverse creative forms of work, is a component of the boxes. Interviews with scientific experts are also planned, as is the digital dissemination of lectures within the framework of the Children's University. Within the framework of science transfer, a selection of current research results and methods on the following six main topics is planned:

-Bioacoustics - Communication of wild animals
-Barriers to wildlife on land and water
-Effects of agriculture on small game species
-Threats and protection options for the otter
-Microplastics in wildlife
-Invasive species - e.g. raccoon, raccoon dog, woolly hand crab

Using these research topics from veterinary medicine and biology, students learn about research activities and scientific research methods through their own work.

Results:

Research boxes on veterinary and biological issues in various wild animal species were created. Science Transfer Mission (STM) lends out the research boxes for the TiHo via the website www.forschungskiste.com. There are "real" research boxes with experiments and teaching material available, as well as digital research boxes only with teaching material.

http://www.forschungskiste.com/unterrichtsmaterial

Cooperation Partners:

Dr. Kirstin Poremba, Schule am Meer (SaM), 25761 Büsum

Katrin Wollny-Goerke, Meeresmedien, 22397 Hamburg

Funding: Brigitte und Wolfram Gedek - Stiftung, 40.000 EUR

Project Details:
Enteropathogenic Bacillus cereus are responsible for a diarrhoeal type of food poisoning. In earlier studies, we could show that milk inhibits the toxic activity of B. cereus enterotoxins towards human colon epithelial cells. At this, caseins as well as lactoferrin seem to hinder the interaction between the single toxin components. In this project, the influence of lactoferrin on growth and enterotoxin production of different B. cereus isolates is tested at first. Strain-specific differences are made visible, as well as the influence of different lactoferrins and their derivatives. The molecular mechanisms underlying the enhanced enterotoxin production after lactoferrin exposure are investigated via RNA sequencing. It is further tested which genes are up- or downregulated under iron deficiency and especially after lactoferrin contact. This gives an overview on the transcriptional changes in the organism. The second point is the detailed investigation of the inhibiting effect of lactoferrin towards the B. cereus enterotoxins in cell culture systems. For this, different commercially available lactoferrin products and derivatives will be tested, as well as their impact on different B. cereus toxins such as haemolysin BL, the non-haemolytic enterotoxin, cytotoxic K and the emetic toxin cereulide. Finally, the issue of lactoferrin-sensing and motility (chemotaxis) of selected B. cereus strains will be investigated. Next to the general ability of active movement, it will be tested if lactoferrin has a repelling or attracting effect on a certain isolate.

Funding: TIB, 104.334 EUR

Project Details:
Within the framework of this joint project of the TiHo with the MHH, it is planned to thematically expand and extend the OER collection "Animal Welfare and Ethics" on the Lower Saxony OER platform "Twillo" to include OER contributions on agricultural livestock farming, also from the perspective of public health ethics, taking into account the One Health concept. This is based on the great importance of agriculture for Lower Saxony. Agriculture there has a share of 8.9% of the gross domestic product. The planned OER will address the economic importance of the individual livestock branches as well as the different forms of animal husbandry and the state animal welfare initiative referring to it. Animal ethics, as an established branch of philosophical ethics, is sometimes very critical of farm animal husbandry. However, the ethical discussion of farm animal husbandry from the perspective of medical and public health ethics remains largely unaddressed, especially in the German-speaking world. Therefore, the OER should also support Twillo users in understanding the basics of the human-animal relationship in farm animals.

Results:

The OER named in the application were created and uploaded to twillo.de:

OER "Economic importance of agricultural pig farming"

OER "Economic importance of agricultural cattle farming"

OER "Economic importance of agricultural chicken husbandry"

OER "Forms of husbandry in pig fattening"

OER "Forms of husbandry in chicken fattening"

OER "Housing systems for cattle on conventional dairy and fattening farms"

OER "Farming husbandry systems for chickens"

As there were legal changes to the state animal welfare label by the end of the approval period, the OER "state animal welfare label" could not be created. Instead, the following OER was created:

OER "economic importance of livestock farming"

Cooperation Partners:

MHH

Funding: Niedersächsisches Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Kultur, 49.500 EUR

Project Details:
Ergänzung der klassischen Lehre in Präsenz durch die Entwicklung digitaler, jederzeit verfügbarer Inhalte.

Funding: QS-Wissenschaftsfonds, 28.229 EUR

Project Details:
The core of the research project is to answer important questions regarding the spatiotemporal impact of restrictions due to the Covid 19 pandemic on the value chain of poultry meat production. Data from primary production, structural analyses as well as data on slaughter findings, reported zoonoses in the German population and restrictions due to the pandemic will be linked to derive significances and correlations. From this, important propositions are generated, which address and evaluate the resilience to massive interventions of the integrated process chains in global world trade.

In particular, the project will demonstrate whether the reduction in reported Campylobacter enteritis in the population during the pandemic was due to changes in the occurrence of the pathogen in primary production, process flows in slaughterhouses, changes in consumer behavior, or other factors. The restrictions of the Covid 19 pandemic are included in the synthesis of the results.

Project Details:
Frequencies of Glaesserella parasuis isolates resistant against various antimicrobial substances will be compared in the years 2006-2021

Results:

Wiencek I, Hartmann M, Merkel J, Trittmacher S, Kreienbrock L, Hennig-Pauka I. Temporal Patterns of Phenotypic Antimicrobial Resistance and Coinfecting Patho-gens in Glaesserella parasuis Strains Isolated from Diseased Swine in Germany from 2006 to 2021. Pathogens 2022; 11: 721. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.802570

Funding: Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt, 81.585 EUR

Project Details:
The aim of this project is to implement a simple and effective process for water treatment in aquaculture and to reduce harmful emissions from fish farms. A denitrification process is used for this purpose, which is coupled with a membrane unit in order to eliminate solids such as bacteria, parasites and other microparticles and to increase the biomass concentration in the denitrification reactor.

Cooperation Partners:

AquaSchwarz GmbH

Universität Stuttgart

Fresh Völklingen GmbH

Blue Foot Membranes GmbH

Funding: SP Europäische Innovationspartnerschaften (Landwirtschaftskammer Niedersachsen), 89.794 EUR

Project Details:
In two pig farms in three subsequent nursery periods animal health data, daily weight gain and
treatments will be compared between two identical piglet rearing compartments. In one
compartment the drinking water pipes will be cleaned prior to arrival of piglets by an innovative
cleaning process. The cleaning process combines mechanical cleaning forces using a mobile
flushing device equipped with a constant pressure system, with a new chemical cleaning concept.
The cleaning substance is based on the synergistic interaction of vitamins, organic acids, metal
ions and detergents, each of which attacking different target structures of pathogens. The
process resulted in a strong antimicrobial efficacy and in destruction of extracellular nucleic acids
(e.g. genes coding for resistance against antimicrobials). The effectiveness of the cleaning
process will be verified by chemical and microbiological examination of water pipe deposits prior
to and after cleaning. The cost-effectiveness of the process will be evaluated by performance
data, expenditure of time and material costs.

Funding: Drittmittelprojekt, gefördert durch die Fritz-Ahrberg-Stiftung., 30.000 EUR

Project Details:
This research project will compare the meat quality of buffalo and conventionally raised cattle. Using different storage and cooking methods, the widespread perception of tough and difficult-to-prepare buffalo meat will be scientifically analyzed. In addition to the comparative characterization of basic meat properties such as pH and conductivity,
water holding capacity, nutritional values, collagen content and texture parameters, microbiological investigations and, in particular, a sensory evaluation of the two meat species will be carried out.