Research

Funding: University of Iceland's Research Center in Húsavík, 43.611 EUR

Project Details:
The aim of this project is to assess hearing abilities and adaptations in marine animals as a part of a broad, comparative study examining how animals use acoustic signals and cues. In cooperation with the University of Iceland’s Research center the hearing of stranded, wild caught and aquarium-housed fishes, birds, marine mammals and turtles will be measured. In order to assist in assessing hearing capabilities and possible impairments, the measurements will be determined in rehabilitation facilities, research facilities and in the field. In addition to aiding treatment decisions, this work will assist the understanding of how these animals use and are affected by ocean noise.

The specific objectives of this study include:
1.Conduct field-based, in-air evoked potential audiograms to address the initial sensitivity, and potential species differences of three Auk species.
2.Establish the in-air psychophysical (behavioral) audiograms of 1-3 Auk species.
3.Establish the underwater psychophysical (behavioral) audiograms of 1-3 Auk species.
4.Compare psychological and behavioral methods, and underwater vs. air results to evaluate the best means to quantify Auk hearing, setting the foundation for future noise-exposure studies
5.Determine the levels at which Auks show temporary threshold shift (TTS) responses to sonar.

Results:

Hansen, KA, Hernandez, A, Mooney, TA, Rasmussen, M, Sørensen, K and Wahlberg, M. 2020. Common murres (Uria aalge) react to underwater noise. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 147: 4069-4074. doi: 10.1121/10.0001400 

https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0001400

Cooperation Partners:

University of Iceland's Research Center in Húsavík, Dr. Marianne Rasmussen

Funding: Niedersächsisches Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Kultur (MWK), 49.976 EUR

Project Details:
Ein neuartiges virtuelles Lehrmodul zum selbstgesteuerten Erlernen von Bestandstiermedizin auf Milchkuhbetrieben wird für Studierende der Veterinärmedizin der Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover entwickelt und erprobt. Auf dem virtuellen Milchkuhbetrieb werden die Studierenden in der Rolle des bestandsbetreuenden Tierarztes mit Hilfe von Learning Nuggets (Mikrolearning-Formaten) wichtige Grundlagen der Bestandstiermedizin aus den Kernthemenbereichen Haltung, Fütterung, Tiergesundheit und betriebliches Management erlernen können, um praxisrelevante Fragestellungen zu lösen.

Funding: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, 41.976 EUR

Project Details:
In this project, the activity fluxes of indicator virus aerosols are measured under different parameter settings in gas flow apparatus.

Funding: DZIF, 200.000 EUR

Project Details:
Die Impfstoffentwicklung gegen COVID-19 ist von höchster Dringlichkeit, wofür es jedoch zunächst einiger prä-klinischer Experimente bedarf, bevor Studien im Menschen angewandt werden können. MVA-SARS-CoV-2 Impfstoffe sollen hierfür im Tiermodell auf Sicherheit und Immunogenität getestet werden. Dabei soll das Hamstermodell im Vordergrund stehen, da Hamster ein ähnlich aufgebautes ACE-2 Protein exprimieren und sich darüber hinaus schon in der SARS-CoV-1 Forschung als Tiermodell bewährt haben.

Project Details:
Im Rahmen dieser Untersuchung soll die Digitalisierungsstrategie in Bezug auf die universitäre Lehre an der Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover während der COVID-19-Pandemie, ihre Nachhaltigkeit und Übertragbarkeit auf vergleichbare Situationen untersucht werden.

Funding: Ministerium für Energiewende, Landwirtschaft, Umwelt, Natur und Digitalisierung, 42.766 EUR

Project Details:
Two populations of harbour porpoise occur in the coastal waters of the German Baltic Sea, of which the "Western Belts Sea population" is significantly larger than the "Central Belts Sea population", which is considered to be in danger of extinction. The habitat of harbour porpoises in the Baltic Sea is intensively affected by human activities and factors that can have a negative impact on harbour porpoise populations. These include commercial shipping, tourist recreational activities, seismic surveys, military activities, fishing, offshore construction, blasting of munitions waste, chemical and pharmaceutical pollution and marine litter. Due to the desired energy turnaround and the accompanying expansion of wind energy, numerous wind farms have already been built in German sea areas in recent years and many more are still planned. There are still large quantities of munitions from the Second World War in the Baltic Sea. In order to exclude any danger to people and machinery, these munitions are often blasted in a controlled manner. These blasts generate very high sound energy levels in the low-frequency range, which can propagate over long distances and have a negative effect on marine mammals. The reception of high sound levels, e.g. during pile driving or blasting, can lead to disturbances in the porpoise's feeding activity or even to hearing injuries. In the Baltic Sea in particular, harbour porpoises continue to be threatened by fishing with gillnets, in which harbour porpoises can end up as unintentional bycatch. In order to warn harbour porpoises of set gillnets, acoustic warning devices are increasingly being used in the German Baltic Sea to warn harbour porpoises of nets. These warning devices (Porpoise Alert = PAL) simulate the communication sound of porpoises. Whether these devices lead to a reduction in bycatch has not yet been conclusively investigated. There is also currently no accompanying research to investigate whether these devices lead to a displacement of harbour porpoises.
Harbour porpoises from the North and Baltic Seas are likely to be in poorer health than animals from Arctic waters, which are currently hardly exposed to anthropogenic factors, as a result of high pressure from human factors. Studies on reproductive capacity and age structure have shown that the mean age at death of female harbour porpoises in the Baltic Sea is only 3.67 (±0.3) years, although harbour porpoises can live 20-25 years. Since females do not reach sexual maturity until they are 4.95 (±0.6) years old, early mortality is serious in terms of population development. Only through continuous monitoring can trends in the occurrence of harbour porpoises be detected.
The aim of this study is to investigate the habitat use of harbour porpoises in the western part of the Baltic Sea by means of "passive acoustic monitoring". For this purpose, harbour porpoise click detectors (C-PODs) will be deployed at a total of four positions to detect the presence of harbour porpoises. The measuring positions are to cover the area of the Schleswig-Holstein Baltic Sea that has not been covered by continuous monitoring so far.

Results:

Report only German

https://www.schleswig-holstein.de/DE/fachinhalte/A/artenschutz/meeressaeuger

Funding: Niedersächsisches Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Kultur, 89.827 EUR

Project Details:
The aim of the joint project between the TiHo and the MHH is to initiate an OER collection on the topic of "animal welfare and ethics" on the Lower Saxony OER platform. Based on preliminary work in the past three years, OER's on the topic "Alternatives to animal experimentation" will be started for the development of this collection.

Results:

As part of the project, an OER collection on the topic of "Alternatives to animal testing" was created with the following OER contributions:

(1) Discussing ethical issues

(2) What is an animal experiment?

(3) 3R International: USA

(4) 3R International: Israel

(5) Animal interests and animal rights positions

(6) Anthropocentrism, pathocentrism, biocentrism?

(7) The moral status of animals (with subtitle)

(8) The moral status of animals (without subtitle)

(9) Animal experimentation ethics: an introduction

(10) The 3Rs concept

(11) The epiCS test (with subtitles)

(12) The epiCS test (without subtitles)

(13) The LDH test (with subtitle)

(14) The LDH test (without subtitles)

(15) EU Directive 20210/63, Animal Welfare Act, Animal Welfare Experimental Animal Ordinance

Cooperation Partners:

Medizinische Hochschule Hannover

Funding: Nationalparkverwaltung "Nieders. Wattenmeer" Wilhelmshaven, 38.752 EUR

Project Details:
The aim of the project is a survey of the local grey seal population in the entire Lower Saxony and Hamburg Wadden Sea during the birthing season (November-December) and at the time of the fur change (March-April).
On five trilaterally coordinated dates (three during the birthing season; two during the fur-change period), airborne surveys will be conducted with a single-engine aircraft. During the aerial surveys of the tidal flats, a high-resolution SLR camera will be used to photograph the haul-outs. In order to determine the number of young born as well as the total population, the photos taken are subsequently analyzed on the computer.

Results:

Brasseur S., Carius F., Diederichs B., Galatius A., Jeß A., Körber P., Meise K., Schop J., Siebert U., Teilmann J., Bie Thøstesen C. & Klöpper S. (2021) EG-Marine Mammals grey seal surveys in the Wadden Sea and Helgoland in 2020-2021. Common Wadden Sea Secretariat, Wilhelmshaven, Germany.

https://www.waddensea-worldheritage.org/sites/default/files/Wadden%20Sea_Grey_Seal_Report_2021_0.pdf

Funding: BMBF, 101.062 EUR

Project Details:
In dem Projekt ANI-CoV soll untersucht werden, welche Haus- und Nutztierarten für das SARS-CoV-2 empfänglich sind und möglicherweise dieses Virus auf den Menschen oder weitere Tierspezies übertragen können. Während sich bereits erste Studien mit der Suche nach dem Reservoirwirt und der Identifizierung von möglichen Überträgern im Rahmen des Ausbruchs in Wuhan, China befassen, fehlen bisher Informationen darüber, ob weitere Tierspezies SARS-CoV-2 verbreiten können. Dieses Projekt befasst sich daher mit der Fragestellung, ob Haustiere wie Katzen, Hunde und Frettchen und Nutztiere, insbesondere Rinder und Schweine, potentielle Überträgerwirte darstellen. Die Relevanz den Fokus auf Haus- und Nutztiere zu legen, ist durch den regelmäßigen und engen Kontakt des Menschen mit diesen Tieren zu erklären. Für die Untersuchungen werden verschiedene Zellkultursysteme (Lungen-Präzisionsschnitte, Explantate der Nasenschleimhaut, Air-liquid-interface Kulturen) hergestellt und infiziert. Neben der Empfänglichkeit einzelner Tierspezies soll auch der Einfluss der SARS-CoV-2 Infektion auf die Morphologie und Funktion der infizierten Zellen untersucht werden. Ein weiterer Fokus soll hierbei auf SARS-CoV-2 induzierter und veränderter Zilienmorphologie und -Aktivität gelegt werden.

Funding: Industry (Veterinary pharmaceuticals/Vaccines), 499.881 EUR

Project Details:
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