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2306 results.
Understanding and overcoming immuno-senescence in elderly individuals
Verständnis und Überwindung der Immunseneszenz bei älteren Menschen (RESIST)
Project Investigators: Prof. Guus Rimmelzwaan; Prof. Albert Osterhaus
Duration: April 2019 until December 2022
Funding: DFG, 176.898 EUR
Project Details:
Abwehrschwächen gegenüber Infektionen und ihre Kontrolle
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A study to investigate the long-term influence of a medium chain fatty acid diet on canine idiopathic epilepsy - LifeTIME (Long Term remission Mct Epilepsy) study
Studie zur Untersuchung der Langzeitwirkung von einer mittelbettigen Fettsäurediät auf die idiopathische Epilepsie beim Hund
Project Investigators: Holger Volk; Andrea Tipold; Sebastian Mellers; Friederike Twele
Duration: December 2019 until End 2022
Funding: Industry (Feed manifacturing) , 355.786 EUR
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Evaluation of a treadmill exercise test in pugs
Fitnesslaufbandtest beim Mops
Project Investigators: Dr. Jan-Peter Bach; Dr. Lisa Harder; Prof.Dr. I. Nolte; Rebekka Mach; Pia Wiegel
Duration: May 2019 until April 2022
Funding: Gesellschaft für kynologische Forschung, Verband für das Deutsche Hundewesen, 20.000 EUR
Project Details:
Brachycephale Hunde leiden im Zusammenhang mit ihrem kurzen Schädel in vielen Fällen an schwerwiegenden gesundheitlichen Problemen. Die Schwere der in Zusammenhang mit dem brachyzephalen Atemsyndrom auftretenden Symptome scheint im Laufe der letzten Jahre eher schwerer als leichter zu werden. Neben der Atemnot bestehen bei vielen Hunden insbesondere schwerwiegende Probleme bezüglich der Thermoregulation. Trotzdem hat die Zahl der in Deutschland geborenen Mopswelpen seit dem Jahr 2000 deutlich zugenommen.
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Minmium requirements for semen doses: Compensation of morphological defects in boar spermatozoa
Spermatologische Grenzwert in Besamungsportionen: Kompensierbarkeit von morphologischen Abweichungen bei Eberspermien
Project Investigators: Prof. Dr. Dagmar Waberski; Dr. Anne-Marie Luther
Duration: July 2019 until June 2022
Funding: Förderverein Bioökonomieforschung (FBF e.V.), 39.000 EUR
Project Details:
Richtlinien für spermatologische Mindestanforderungen über die Qualität von Ebersperma berücksichtigen bisher nicht die Spermienzahl in der Besamungsportion. Es ist bekannt, dass bestimmte Defizite in der Spermaqualität durch eine erhöhte Spermienzahl in der Besamungsportion kompensierbar sind. Die Kompensierbarkeit ist abhängig von der Art der Abweichung und der Anzahl betroffener Spermien im Ejakulat. Im Ebersperma stellen Plasmatropfen (PT) die häufigste morphologische Fehlform dar. Derzeit liegt der zulässige Grenzwert für diese Abweichung bei 15 % (BRS Richtlinie 2005).Ziel ist es, befruchtungsrelevante Fähigkeiten von Spermien mit und ohne PT vergleichend zu untersuchen. Basierend darauf wird die Kompensierbarkeit von Plasmatropfen durch eine Erhöhung der Spermienzahl in der Besamungsdosis geprüft. Die Erkenntnisse sollen gegebenenfalls bei Anpassung der BRS-Richtlinie berücksichtigt werden.
Results:

Animals 2021, 11, 2570. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/ani11092570; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12202892

Cooperation Partners:

Dr. Heiko Henning, Friedrich-Loeffler Institut Mariensee

Prof. Martin Schulze, Institut für Fortpflanzung landwirtschaftlicher Nutztiere, Schönow

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Transport processes during cryopreservation of gametes and ovarian tissues
Transportprozesse bei der Kryokonservierung von Gameten und Ovargewebe
Project Investigators: Prof. Dr. Harald Sieme; Dr. Ir. Harriette Oldenhof
Duration: April 2019 until March 2022
Funding: DFG SI 1462/4-2, 210.000 EUR
Project Details:
The central aim of the first phase of our project was to correlate subzero membrane phase and permeability properties of sperm with their ability to survive freezing and thawing. In addition, biomolecular stability of freeze-dried sperm and physical properties of glasses for dry preservation have been investigated. We discovered that ice formation triggers a membrane phase transition, which is dependent on the ice nucleation temperature, the cooling rate, and the type of cryoprotective agent that is used. Freezing-induced membrane phase changes were used to investigate the cell membrane permeability to water allowing prediction of optimal cooling rates for cryopreservation. Furthermore, we discovered that membranes become permeable for molecules for which they are normally impermeable during freezing, while the cells survive freezing zu beladen. We found that simply exposing cells to freezing can thus be used to load cells with membrane impermeable lyoprotective agents, such as sucrose or trehalose, which preserves chromatin in freeze-dried sperm even under accelerated aging conditions. Whereas in the first phase of this project water and solute transport processes have been predominantly studied at the cellular and membrane level, in the next phase this will be extended to the tissue level and multiple component solutions. Membrane transport parameters of oocytes for water and cryoprotective agents will be determined from cell volume responses in a microfluidic device. Membrane permeabilization during loading cells with cryoprotective agents will be investigated by studying uptake of membrane-impermeable molecules. It is planned to investigate if sodium ions also pass membranes during freezing and if freezing in reduced sodium increases cryosurvival. Diffusion of protective molecules in ovarian tissues and concomitant dehydration will be investigated to develop a mass transport model, which will allow to correlate distribution of protectants with cryosuriviva. Storage stability of cryopreserved specimens will be investigated by studying molecular mobility and membrane transport processes near the glass transition temperature with the aim to develop formulations allowing cryogenic storage at higher temperatures.
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Tracking and investigations of harbour seals in the tidal Elbe
Tracking und Untersuchung von Seehunden in der Tideelbe
Project Investigators: Prof. Prof. h. c. Dr. Ursula Siebert ; Dr. Dominik Nachtsheim
Duration: August 2019 until December 2022
Funding: Bundesanstalt für Gewässerkunde (BfG); Projektleitung in der BfG: Dr. Thomas Taupp, Referat U4 Tierökologie, 230.122 EUR
Project Details:
The estuary of the Elbe is exposed to significant anthropogenic activities such as commercial shipping, fishing, deepening and recreational activities. The estuary is the entrance to the Port of Hamburg and the Kiel Canal - the Elbe is thus one of the busiest waterways in Europe.
Despite the strong anthropogenic use, marine top predators from the North Sea regularly enter the Elbe. Rich fishing grounds attract not only porpoises to the port of Hamburg, but also seals use the Elbe and can be seen at low tide on the then exposed tidal flats. However, it is unclear to what extent seals use the tidal Elbe, in which areas they forage, if they exhibit site fidelity and whether there is a regular exchange with animals from the North Sea.
For this reason, up to 10 harbour seals will be briefly caught at various haul-outs in the tidal Elbe, will be checked for their health and subsequently equipped with special bio-telemetry tags ("SMRU GPS Phone Tags"). Since seals spend most of their lives in the water, where it is difficult to observe them, telemetry (recording of behavioral and environmental data using electronic devices) is a very useful method for assessing behavior, habitat use and interactions between the animals and their environment. The tags record the movements and the diving behavior of the animals in detail and then send the data via the local mobile phone network, which enables a live tracking of the seals. The data obtained will give an insight into the space use, the site fidelity and the home ranges, and will also allow an estimate of possible conflicts, e.g. with the shipping traffic in the Elbe.
In addition, in the course of the catches, various samples are to be taken for further analyses (e.g., heavy metal pollution, exposure to organochemical substances and diet analyses).
Results:

Final Report:

Tracking and survey of harbor seals in the Tidal Elbe River.

https://sync.academiccloud.de/index.php/s/l4KcvGJBNRprh4j

Show Details
Development and characterisation of bio-absorbable FeMnAg alloys for SLM processing
Entwicklung und Charakterisierung bioresorbierbarer FeMnAg-Werkstoffe für den SLM-Prozess
Project Investigators: Prof. Dr. Manfred Kietzmann; Dr. Jessica Meissner
Duration: April 2019 until July 2022
Funding: DFG, 124.000 EUR
Project Details:
Ziel des Forschungsvorhabens ist die Entwicklung und Charakterisierung bioresorbierbarer FeMnAg-Werkstoffe und deren Qualifizierung für die additive Fertigung am Beispiel des selektiven Laserschmelzens (SLM). Der kooperative Ansatz berücksichtigt insbesondere die Entwicklung, Herstellung und Charakterisierung von mittels SLM additiv gefertigter Strukturen aus konventionell nicht mischbaren Legierungen mit teilweise stark unterschiedlichen Schmelzpunkten wie FeAg-Legierungen. Im Hinblick auf den Einsatz als resorbierbare Implantate in der Bio-medizintechnik sind neben der gesicherten Herstellbarkeit vor allem die Biokompatibilität und eine gegenüber konventionellen Eisenlegierungen signifikante Steigerung der Degradationsraten von besonderer Bedeutung. Neben den mikrostrukturellen Eigenschaften soll die Verteilung, einschließlich Größe, Struk-tur und Form, der Legierungspartner zur Steuerung der Degradationsraten angepasst werden, wozu eine Prozess-Struktur-Korrelation bis auf die nanoskopische Ebene Methoden erfolgen soll. Da die bei der Degradation des Implantates im Gewebe freigesetzten Partikel phagozytiert werden sollen, müssen diese aus einer noch zu entwickelnden modifizierten, bioverträglichen, nicht korrosionsbeständigen Edelmetalllegierung bestehen, deren Wechselwirkung mit den Legierungselementen des FeMn-Stahls (insbesondere Mangan) zu untersuchen ist. Die Untersuchungen sollen zunächst mit dem Fokus auf Silber als Edelmetallzusatz begonnen werden.
Cooperation Partners:

Prof. Dr. M. Schaper, Prof. Dr. G. Grundmeier (Universität Paderborn)

Show Details
Genome-based surveillance of transferable colistin- and carbapeneme resistances in gram-negative pathogens
GÜCCI - Genombasierte Surveillance übertragbarer Colistin- und Carbapenemresistenzen Gram-negativer Infektionserreger
Project Investigators: Prof. Dr. Guido Werner; Prof. Dr. Sören Gatermann; Prof. Dr. Annemarie Käsbohrer; Prof. Dr. Lothar Kreienbrock
Duration: January 2019 until June 2022
Funding: Bundesministerium für Gesundheit, 203.916 EUR
Project Details:
This project puts the focus on pathogens containing certain antibiotic resistances. This includes (i) the evaluation of complex outbreak scenarios with focus on hori-zontal gene transfer, using results from sequence-based typing techniques, (ii) development of universal standards and essential prerequisites for a valid data assessment, (iii) identification of enhancement as well as hindrance factors for a rapid realization of the latter; (iv) development of strategies for joining clinical-epidemiological information with genome data and (v) a transfer of the gained insight into the qualified public. In a cross-sectoral approach, two widely known antimicrobial resistances with high public health relevance were selected. The scientific gain in this direct reference to the public health, especially regarding improving the assessment of risk potentials of (i) mcr-mediated colistin resistance from lifestock and food products and their significans for human pathogen isolates, as well as (ii) carbapenemase producing Enterobacterales in lifestock and food products as a potential reservoir for resistance development in human isolates. In this project, a model for implementation of a core technology for a genome-based pathogen and resistance surveillance program in leading institutions for (veterina-ry) public health and epidemiologically adequat analysis and evaluation.
Cooperation Partners:

Abteilung Infektionskrankheiten, Robert Koch Institut, Wernigerode

Abteilung für Medizinische Mikrobiologie Ruhr-Universität Bochum

FG Epidemiologie, Zoonosen und Antibiotikaresistenz, Abteilung Biologische Sicherheit, Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung, Berlin

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Coating of additively manufactured components with biocompatible properties.
Endkonturnahe Beschichtung additiv gefertigter Komponenten mit biokompatiblen Eigenschaften.
Project Investigators: Dr. Jessica Meissner
Duration: April 2019 until July 2022
Funding: DFG, 261.200 EUR
Project Details:
Die Oberflächeneigenschaften von additiv gefertigten, biomedizintechnischen Bauteilen mit unterschiedlichen Beschichtungen sollen untersucht werden. Es werden Prüfmuster mittels Laserstrahlschmelzen (SLM) aus Titanlegierungen hergestellt. Um die Biokompatibilität zu erhöhen, werden diese mit einem multilagigen bzw. gradierten Schichtsystem aus Ti(Zr,Hf)CN beschichtet. Die Auswahl des Schichtsystems erfolgt in Hinblick auf die Herstellung von individuell angepassten Implantaten mittels SLM und die Funktionalisierung mittels PVD-Beschichtung. Nach Abscheidung der verschiedenen Beschichtungen wird deren Einfluss auf die Korrosionsbeständigkeit, Biokompatibilität und Ermüdungsfestigkeit charakterisiert.
Cooperation Partners:

Prof. Dr. M. Schaper (Universität Paderborn)

Prof. Dr. W. Tillmann (Technische Universität Dortmund)

Show Details
Development of a working framework for the design of sampling plans for the evaluation of potentially food contaminated with zoonotic agents
StiproZoo - Erarbeitung von Arbeitshilfen zur Konzeption von Stichprobenuntersuchungen zur Bewertung von potentiell mit Zoonoseerregern behafteten Lebensmitteln
Project Investigators: C. Förster; Prof. Dr. Lothar Kreienbrock
Duration: April 2019 until December 2022
Funding: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), 232.098 EUR
Project Details:
It is always necessary to collect representative samples of specific questions of food law, which must be examined within a food batch in order to be able to make a certain statement with sufficient probability.
These are often complex relationships, for example, if it can not be assumed that there is a homogeneous distribution of the characteristic within the population. At the same time, these decisions are associated with far-reaching legal consequences and must also be made directly.
This issue of an appropriate sampling is related to food-borne outbreaks of zoono-tic agents as well as to cases where a batch of food or a food-making process is considered safe or not to be safe from zoonotic agents.
In order to derive an appropriate scientific decision for the conception of a sample examination, there are the properties of the pathogen, the particular food and its production steps (technology), the laboratory procedure to be used, the timing and nature of the feared entry and the epidemiological (mathematical) methods to take into account.
In addition, there is an assessment of the validity of a random sample examination or misinterpretations that may persist. The project will create an online tool based on pratical use cases, which will process these components directly from the point of view of the veterinary authority.
Results:

Förster C, Nordhoff K, Fritzemeier J, Breuer J, Kreienbrock L. A Framework for Study Plan-ning in Food Safety Investigations. Berliner und Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift. 2022;135:1-10 . doi: 10.2376/1439-0299-2022-9.

 

Förster C, Nordhoff K, Fritzemeier J, Kreienbrock L. Wie groß muss die Stichprobe sein? Rundschau für Fleischhygiene und Lebensmittelüberwachung - RFL. 2022;74(4):135-6

https://www.tiho-hannover.de/ibei/forschung/shiny-apps

Cooperation Partners:

Task Force Verbraucherschutz, LAVES

Veterinärdienst für Stadt und Landkreis Osnabrück

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