Overview of research projects

Funding: Niedersächsisches Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Kultur, 45.000 EUR

Project Details:
The aim of the project is to build up and consolidate our project consortium, to prepare the project application and to ensure a joint application in due time in this EU funding program. The composition of a convincing project consortium with the involvement of many different European countries is quite important. We aim to coordinate for the project as well as to cover important research areas. The deliverables also include contributing to a better overall societal and public understanding of the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning through education and training (school and marine science, art and citizen science platforms). Therefore, we would like to specifically work with a professional media partner to create a good outreach concept. The proposed project should enable us to ensure the preparation of the proposal with the project partners, to write the proposal with experienced scientists in the field of biodiversity, ecology and health and to submit it on time with the support of an external professional EU project proposal office

Results:

In the project, the preparation of the application was ensured with the project partners. With experienced scientists from the fields of biodiversity, ecology and health and with the support of an external professional office for EU project the application was submitted on time.

Funding: Landwirtschaftskammer Niedersachsen, 38.933 EUR

Project Details:
Eine Unkrautbekämpfung durch Beweidung mit Schafen ist eine interessante Perspektive für den ökologischen und konventionellen Ackerbau. Doch dürfte der Einsatz herbivorer Profis auf Äckern von den landwirtschaftlichen Betrieben äußerst skeptisch betrachtet werden. Zu groß erscheint das Risiko, die Schafe könnten mehr schaden als nützen und die Kulturen anstelle der Unkräuter fressen. Tierschutzrechtliche Bedenken könnten entstehen bei der Vorstellung, dass zu den Unkräutern auf Äckern potentielle Giftpflanzen wie Stechapfel (Datura) und Greiskraut (Senecio) zählen. Nicht zuletzt wird man den Aufwand der Zäunung und der Betreuung fürchten. Alle diese Befürchtungen stehen einer Umsetzung einer Unkrautbekämpfung mit Schafen entgegen. Das wollten wir nicht ungeprüft akzeptieren. Mit unserer Machbarkeitsstudie sollen drei Variablen getestet werden: (1) Beweidungszeit und (2) Auftriebszeit sowie (3) Besatzdichte soll festgestellt werden, wann Maispflanzen ein attraktives Futter bilden. Außerdem kann durch unterschiedliche Dauer der Beweidung geprüft werden, wieviel Unkraut bereits auf der Fläche wachsen muss, um die Tiere ausreichend zu sättigen und von den Maispflanzen abzulenken. Über die verschiedenen Besatzdichten lässt sich die Selektivität der Tiere begrenzen, um sie zu motivieren, Unkraut statt Mais zu äsen. In jedem Fall soll Heu angeboten werden, damit sich die Tiere nicht unbemerkt zwangsweise von Unkraut ernähren müssen.

Funding: Bundesanstalt für Landwirtschaft und Ernährung, 451.471 EUR

Project Details:
Structuring through light - a solution for animal welfare in turkey farming

Cooperation Partners:

Landwirte aus Sachsen-Anhalt und Thüringen

Project Details:
Microvillus inclusion disease (MVID) is a rare congenital disorder that is characterized by a villus atrophy and the presence of microvillus inclusion bodies (MVIBs). In experimental settings using cationized ferritin in human biopsies we have previously demonstrated that the inclusion bodies originate from autophagocytosis of apical cell membrane and represent early endosomes. The genetic defect in MVID has been meanwhile mapped to the MYO5B gene that encodes the unconventional type myosin 5b motor protein. Myosin 5b is associated with the plasma membrane recycling system in non-polarized cells and the apical recycling system in polarized cells. Furthermore, it has been shown that the Rab11 family interacting protein 2 associates with myosin 5b in regulating plasma membrane recycling. These findings underline the importance of unravelling the cellular mechanisms of autophagocytosis of the apical membrane of enterocytes in MVID membranes with the ultimate goal of designing appropriate therapeutic measures in this context. In this proposal we will generate intestinal Caco-2 cells in which myosin 5b has been downregulated, depleted or modified and assess at the molecular and biochemical levels the consequences on the trafficking and targeting of a panel of brush border membrane proteins. We will further investigate the function of inhibitors of protein transport and polarized sorting as well as vesicular trafficking in myosin 5b-depleted Caco-2 cells as potentiators of brush border membrane rescue. The data gained from the cell culture model will be confirmed and expanded into intestinal organoids that will be generated from intestinal biopsy specimens of MVID patients. In this model we will address similar questions to those in the cellular model and identify targets for (i) preventing the formation of MVIBs and (ii) potential restoration of proper trafficking and sorting of intestinal protein markers and reducing carbohydrate malabsorption. The ultimate goal is to test inhibitors and modulators of these targets that are the least toxic for enterocytes. These substances would then represent suitable candidates for clinical trials in MVID patients. Substances like vincristine (cytostatic drugs) and chlorpromazine (neuroleptic drugs) are already approved drugs for treatment in children, yet not for the use in MVID.

Project Details:
Das Ziel der Untersuchungen soll darin bestehen, Bakteriophagen pferdetypischer Krankheitserreger aus Genitalsekreten von Hengst und Stute zu isolieren und zu charakterisieren. Weiterhin soll die antibakterielle Wirksamkeit der isolierten Bakteriophagen im in vitro-Modell überprüft werden.

Funding: DFG, 240.125 EUR

Project Details:
Neurons in the intermedial nucleus of the lateral lemniscus (INLL) are implicated in cross-frequency integration of auditory signals in bats. Contrary to other auditory brainstem nuclei in rodents, INLL neurons show a strong biophysical heterogeneity, as membrane time constants range over three orders of magnitude. Correlated with the membrane time constant the neuronal output type shows onset, adapting and sustained firing behaviours. We intend to understand this cellular heterogeneity on the molecular, biophysical and synaptic level. Therefore, we combine functional characterisations of INLL neurons with their single cell transcriptome analysis. This project generates the cellular fundament of exploring the functional features of INLL neurons that is so far enigmatic.

Results:

Wicke KD, Oppe L, Geese C, Sternberg AK, Felmy F.: Neuronal morphology and synaptic input patterns of neurons in the intermediate nucleus of the lateral lemniscus of gerbils. Sci Rep. 2023 Aug 30;13(1):14182. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-41180-8.

Funding: MWK, 2.903.582 EUR

Project Details:
Development and testing of preventive and therapeutic measures against SARS-CoV-2 using experimental animal models such as ferrets, rabbits, hamsters and primates.

Funding: A128512 MWK Niedersachsen, Volkswagen Stiftung, 1.190.125 EUR

Project Details:
In this study we will collect and analyze more than 108 datapoints (proteomics, genomics, clinical and environmental data) from retrospective and prospective patient cohorts. For the first time, this study
will take into account the recent discovery of the tight association of human norovirus with host cell membranes and proteins and link it to clinical, environmental and ecological niche (microbiota) data.
The translational potential of PRESENt ranges from prognostic and preventive to therapeutic strategies for stratified patient groups. First, we aim to define prognostic biomarkers of severe and chronic gastroenteritis to stratify patient groups. Second, we will investigate how efficient
disinfectants can inactivate patient-derived membrane cloaked norovirus. Third, the microbiome signatures may inform about possibilities of microbiota therapies to alleviate the course of disease in critical patient groups. Finally, the informatics meta-analysis of the retrospective and prospective study will reveal in addition to prognostic biomarkers and microbiome signatures environmental and individual factors, which associate with severe gastroenteritis. In the future, this work will thus pave the way towards better prevention (biomarkers, environmental
factors, individualized disinfectant use) and care (targeting/modifying microbiome or host factors) of severe and chronic viral gastroenteritis.

Results:

https://www.translationsallianz.de/train-platforms/train-projects/present/?L=1

Cooperation Partners:

Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Neijdl, Leibnitz University

Prof. Dr. Michael Marschollek, Hannover Medical School

Dr. Benjamin Heidrich, Hannover Medical School

Dr. Till Strowig, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research

Prof. Dr. Lothar Jänsch, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research

Prof. Dr. Thomas F. Schulz, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover

Prof. Dr. Lennart Svensson, Linköping Universität, Schweden

Funding: Deutscher Jugendverband e.V., 10155 Berlin, 19.720 EUR

Project Details:
Suitability of live traps for the development of intelligent trapping systems.

Funding: MWK, 11.851.000 EUR

Project Details:
Carrying out an animal experiment to test monoclonal antibodies in the established hamster model at the RIZ, including applying for animal experiments, carrying out the animal experiment, virus titration and analyzes to determine the viral load in the organs, PCR analysis, histopathological examination (assay scope of 2 organs per animal).