Overview of research projects

Funding: Niedersächsisches Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Kultur (MWK), 30.000 EUR

Project Details:
The first step in the albuminous degeneration of cells leading to cancer, is the loss of polarity of a cell. Without polar orientation, cells start to grow into any direction and start forming a tumor. Scientists all over the world are trying to identify the genes that are responsible for this process. Up to now without success, as the genetics behind is unknown and hardly decipherable in complex human cells.
We want to use the simplest animal model organism, the placozoan Trichoplax in order to identify the responsible genes. Those placozoans do not have any organs or symmetry; they only have a clear polarity of top and bottom. The signaler for polarity is gravity. We can switch it off naturally in space (sounding rockets) or simulately in the lab (via clinostat experiments) in order to study the effects on gene expression patterns. With placozoans as a subject of examination and gene studies in zero gravity we are now able to break new grounds with regards to interdisciplinary and experimental cancer research.
We have formed an international project entity of cancer scientists, space researchers, geneticists and evolutionary biologists in order to be able to launch this new research approach.

Cooperation Partners:

1) Deutsches Luft- und Raumfahrtzentrum (DLR) Köln

2) LaTrobe University, Medical School, Melbourne, Australia

3) Yale University, Yale Genomics Center, New Haven, USA

4) Prof. Robert DeSalle; Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics, AMNH, New York)

Funding: GkF-Promotionsstipendium, EVSSAR Grant, 4.000 EUR

Project Details:
Die erworbene Unfruchtbarkeit aufgrund von nicht-obstruktiver Azoospermie stellt die Hauptursache für die chronische asymptomatische Orchitis (CAO) dar, eine sehr häufige Diagnose beim infertilen Rüden, aber auch beim Menschen. CAO assoziiert sind hochgradige histologische Veränderungen, wie ein Arrest der Spermatogenese sowie eine signifikante Infiltration mit Immunzellen. Die auslösende Noxe ist in der Regel unbekannt, eine Vorstellung des Patienten erfolgt meist spät und Therapiemöglichkeiten bestehen bislang nicht. Neben der Identifizierung der Immunzellen und Charakterisierung der exprimierten Entzündungsmarker konnten mittlerweile in der AG auch die Existenz resilienter Stammzellen in Hoden von an CAO leidenden azoospermen Rüden nachgewiesen werden. Es erscheint naheliegend, dass im Zusammenhang mit der CAO auch die Sertolizellfunktion gestört ist - oder möglicherweise die Störung der Funktion kausal zu sehen ist. Sertolizellen spielen eine wichtige Rolle für das Hodenmikromilieu und somit die funktionierende Spermatogenese. Um die Entwicklung, Anzahl und Funktion der Sertoli-Zellen zu untersuchen, wird die Expression verschiedener Marker in gesunden und von CAO betroffenen Hoden ausgewertet. Grundsätzlich soll mithilfe dieses Projekts ein weiterer Störungspunkt im CAO betroffenen Hoden aufzeigt und definiert werden, um zukünftige therapeutische Ansätze in den Sertoli-Zellen für die Wiederaufnahme der Spermatogenese zu ermöglichen.

Results:

https://elib.tiho-hannover.de/receive/tiho_mods_00009673

https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/26/3/1108

Funding: HZI, 40.035 EUR

Project Details:
SARS-CoV-2 infection in mice part 3

Funding: HZI, 26.642 EUR

Project Details:
SARS-CoV-2 infection in mice-Part 2

Funding: HZI, 36.669 EUR

Project Details:
Co-infection of viral or bacterial pathogens with SARS-CoV-2 infection in a mouse model Part 2

Funding: Nationalparkverwaltung "Nieders. Wattenmeer", 19.182 EUR

Project Details:
The Institute of Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research (ITAW) of the University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation has been conducting research in the field of marine mammals for various federal and state authorities for many years. In addition to basic and applied research, a core focus of our work is the assessment of marine mammal populations in German waters and beyond. This includes, for instance, the visual monitoring of harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) in the German Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) since 2002 as well as image-based counts of grey seals in the Wadden Sea of Lower Saxony since 2012.Furthermore, ITAW regularly conducts model-based analyses of temporal-spatial habitat selection and habitat use of marine mammals.
In this project, the Wadden Sea National Park Authority of Lower Saxony provides data and ITAW conducts a temporal-spatial analysis of the population development and habitat use of grey and harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) in the Wadden Sea of Lower Saxony, with a special focus on the following research questions:
o What factors influence the habitat selection (i.e. choice of resting places) of harbour and grey seals in the Lower Saxony Wadden Sea National Park during the pupping season and during the moulting season?
o Has the fine-scale, spatial distribution of seal haul-out sites in general and pupping areas in particular in the Wadden Sea of Lower Saxony changed over time, e.g. over the last 10 years and in comparison to the greater Wadden Sea area? What role does the management zonation into resting, intermediate and recovery zones play and can possible changes in the distribution pattern be attributed to anthropogenic disturbances?
o What is the demography and population structure, in particular the temporal development of the proportion of pups over the last 10 years?
The results from this projects will directly be transferred to the management authority and may lead to proposals for improved species protection for harbour and grey seals in the Wadden Sea National Park.

Project Details:
As part of the SeroFaSt - Mhyo project, a serological on-farm rapid test for the detection of
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infections in pigs. This test is intended to
differentiate between vaccinated and infected animals directly on the farm,
without the need for time-consuming and cost-intensive laboratory tests. The rapid identification of
infected animals should enable immediate, targeted treatment and thus lead to greater animal welfare and
and better consumer protection.

Funding: Bundesanstalt für Gewässerkunde, 69.271 EUR

Project Details:
In this project, the population of harbor seals and grey seals will be surveyed over a period of 12 months (2023-2024) to assess their abundance and distribution in the Tidal Elbe area. The aerial surveys of the seal population in the Elbe estuary will take place from August 2023 to July 2024. During the flight along all known and potential haul-out sites, images will be taken with a high-resolution digital SLR camera and subsequently analysed. This conversion to the photo-based method was successfully carried out in previous projects and innovatively further developed in order to be able to provide the client with reliable figures and the highest possible transparency as well as reproducibility of the results.

Funding: Drittmittelprojekt, gefördert durch die Fritz-Ahrberg-Stiftung., 100.000 EUR

Project Details:
(Deep)freezing is a process for preserving fat. Both the duration and the temperature of the freezing treatment influence the physicochemical and sensory quality of the fat and also the quality of the products made with this fat (Flavia et al. 2014). In our opinion, there have been no studies that have related the influence of the freezing duration and temperature of fat to the quality of the cooked sausage produced with it. For this reason, in the project pork and turkey fat will be stored after freezing for up to 24 weeks at -18 °C and approx. -80 °C. After 12 and 24 weeks, the fat will be processed to cooked cured sausages. The products will be directly characterised with regard to physicochemical (e.g. colour, pH value, aw value, antioxidative capacity), microbiological (e.g. total bacterial count) and sensory properties (following the DLG 5-point scheme). The products will then be cut, packaged in a protective gas atmosphere and stored according to the storage time, which is typical for the product in retail. The control products contain fat that was frozen overnight (for technological reasons).

Funding: Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt, 110.319 EUR

Project Details:
In der Nutztierhaltung insgesamt, aber auch in der Masthähnchenhaltung im Speziellen, besteht die dringende Notwendigkeit zur Reduktion des Arzneimitteleinsatzes vor dem Hintergrund der damit verbundenen Umweltbelastung. Durch den Einsatz von Mikroalgen soll eine präventive Förderung der Tiergesundheit erreicht werden. Mikroorganismen sind einzellige, pflanzliche Organismen, die über diverse phytogene Inhaltsstoffe mit antiinflammatorischen, immunstimulierenden oder antioxidativen Wirkungen verfügen. In diesem Projekt sollen die Effekte ausgewählter Mikroalgen auf Leistung und Tiergesundheit sowohl in der konventionellen als auch in der ökologischen Masthähnchenhaltung untersucht werden.

Cooperation Partners:

Microganic GmbH, Melle